Autonomous tawaf crowd simulation

Crowd simulation is an exciting research area that has a wide range of applications in multiple fields such as: serious games, crowd management, facilities design, entertainment, research and development. One of the most famous approaches to simulate a large density crowd is by applying the social force model. This model can be successfully used to simulate agents’ movement in real-world scenarios realistically. Nevertheless, this is very simple and not suitable to simulate a complex pedestrian flow movement. Hence, this research proposes a new novel model for simulating the pilgrims’ movements circumambulating the Kaabah (Tawaf). These rituals are complex yet unique, due to its capacity, density, and various demographics backgrounds of the agents (pilgrims). It is also consist a certain set of rules and regulations that must be followed by the agents. Due to these rules, the Tawaf can introduce irregularities in the motion flow around the Kaabah. In order to make the simulations as close as possible to real world scenarios, each agent will be assigned with different attributes such as; age, gender and intention outlook. The three parameter mentioned above, are the main problem that need to be solved in this research in order to simulate a better crowd simulation than previous studies. The findings of this research will contribute greatly for Hajj management in term of controlling and optimizing the flow of pilgrims during Tawaf especially in the Hajj season. It is also have high contribution in Hajj training especially in developing a virtual Hajj training system. The virtual Hajj system can be used to teach and prepare the pilgrims before going to Mecca and perform the actual Hajj

Pengindeksan dan capaian dokumen dalam pangkalan data teks bebas : satu pendekatan

Free text database is considered something unusual and different from conventional databases. Records in this database are documents which have no fixed structure or forms. Hence, databases of this kind requires a different kind of data or documents manipulation because of the unconventionality of the techniques used in indexing the database. This paper discusses all process which are involved in building a large free text database management system. In addition of that, documents indexing and retrieval techniques will also be discussed

The development of local solar irradiance for outdoor computer graphics rendering

Atmospheric effects are approximated by solving the light transfer equation, LTE, of a given viewing path. The resulting accumulated spectral energy (its visible band) arriving at the observer’s eyes, defines the colour of the object currently on the line of sight. Due to the convenience of using a single rendering equation to solve the LTE for daylight sky and distant objects (aerial perspective), recent methods had opt for a similar kind of approach. Alas, the burden that the real-time calculation brings to the foil had forced these methods to make simplifications that were not in line with the actual world observation. Consequently, the results of these methods are laden with visual-errors. The two most common simplifications made were: i) assuming the atmosphere as a full-scattering medium only and ii) assuming a single density atmosphere profile. This research explored the possibility of replacing the real-time calculation involved in solving the LTE with an analytical-based approach. Hence, the two simplifications made by the previous real-time methods can be avoided. The model was implemented on top of a flight simulator prototype system since the requirements of such system match the objectives of this study. Results were verified against the actual images of the daylight skies. Comparison was also made with the previous methods’ results to showcase the proposed model strengths and advantages over its peers

ECG Simulation using Fourier Series: From Personal Computers to Mobile Devices

No Abstrac

Tawaf crowd simulation using social force model

This paper presents a crowd simulation system which simulates the movement of pilgrims in performing one of Hajj rituals, which is Tawaf. Tawaf is a unique case study due to its capacity and various set of pilgrims. Furthermore, the density of the crowd is extremely high. Tawaf also consist a certain set of rules and regulations that must be followed by the pilgrims. Social Force Model had been chosen to give each agent in the simulation a specific behavior to be followed. The algorithm also specifies how the agents interact with each other to generate collision free movements. To make the simulations as close as possible to real world scenarios, each agent varies in term of age, gender and behavior. The subjective evaluation of the system revealed that it can be used in pilgrim training before performing the actual Tawaf

The synthetic haze simulation based on visibility range for dehazing method in single image

Outdoor images are typically degraded by light scattering and absorption from aerosols, such as dust, mist, and smoke in the atmosphere. Because of poor visibility, dimmed brightness, low contrast, and colour distortion, these phenomenons affect the captured image. Therefore, it is a critical challenge to recover pictures taken in a haze condition, which is called image dehazing. The primary aim of image dehazing is to improve details on visibility, edge, and texture and retain the image structure and colours without data loss. There are no proven benchmarks for their assessment, despite the many algorithms suggested for single image dehazing. In previous publications, arbitrary comparisons were mostly focused on a small number of images, with different publications using different sets of images. This paper presents a new dataset that includes image pairs of hazy and corresponding outdoor images that are haze-free (ground-truth). Most of the current hazy database presented in a single image simulated synthetic haze indicated complicated calculation of the depth map. Unlike most of the current dehazing databases, a synthetic haze, which is determined by the atmospheric scattering algorithm derived from the actual distance from the camera to the scene object, has simulated hazy images. In the separate range, the synthetic haze derivation referred from the meteorological range explicitly based on haze conditions. On a clear day as referred to as a low Air Pollutant Index, this experiment simulated synthetic haze in the Malaysian outdoor scene. The haze simulation illustrates how this approach can lead to better outcomes in the measurement of image quality than the current state-of-the-art dehazing method

Single image dehazing based upon visibility range through synthetic haze simulation

Outdoor images are typically degraded by light scattering and absorption from aerosols, such as dust, mist, and smoke in the atmosphere. Image dehazing aims to improve details on visibility, edge, and texture and retain image structure and colours without data loss. Most of the current hazy database presented in a single image simulated synthetic haze indicated complicated calculation of the depth map. This paper presents a new dataset that includes image pairs of hazy and corresponding outdoor images that are haze-free (ground-truth). On a clear day as referred to as a low Air Pollutant Index, this experiment simulated synthetic synthetic haze in the Malaysian outdoor scene. The haze simulation illustrates how this approach can lead to better outcomes in the measurement of image quality than the current state-of-the-art dehazing method

Using dynamic transmission map for dehazing single image with tropical atmospheric condition

Ordinarily, outdoor pictures are degraded through light scattering and absorption from the atmosphere's dust, mist, haze, and smoke. These have an effect on the image captured and cause terrible visibility, dimmed luminosity, low contrast, and coloration distortion. Therefore, it is essential for dehazing to restore photographs captured in inclement weather. The critical intention of photo dehazing is to enhance the details on visibility, edge, and texture and retain the structure and colours of the picture without data loss. Many algorithmic methods, introduce dehazing at a certain haze level. There is a lack of a dehazing algorithm focusing on the varying haze density in order to enhance visibility. This paper proposes an improvement of the dehazing algorithm based totally on the varying meteorological visibility with a dynamic transmission map. This algorithm focuses on removing haze at different levels based on the visibility range, which is different from most existing dehazing algorithms

Towards movement-based interaction for tawaf training investigating its suitability for older adults

Training of Tawaf (a rite in Hajj- the Muslim pilgrimage) has been limited to traditional method of text-reading and talk-listening. An edutainment approach of virtual environment simulation training could offer a more immersive experience through realistic Tawaf settings. Constructing a more natural interaction style for the virtual training, besides enhancing its realism value, could be the missing link in providing the engagement factor that appeal to older users. This paper describe a preliminary study in finding out a first indication on whether a natural interaction style through body movements could also be suitable for older users. Encouraging results showed that there is little difference in gesture performance of Istilam (a Tawaf gesture) between group of adult participants and group of older (age above 60) participants, suggesting the applicability of movement-based Tawaf training interaction to older adults as well

The development of cloud modelling and motion analysis for virtual environment

Modelling the natural phenomena such as clouds is one of the most challenging problems in computer graphics. The complexity of cloud formation, dynamics and light interaction makes real time cloud modelling a difficult task. The visual portrayal of the sky and cloud is a common requirement when rendering the outdoor scenes in computer graphics. The traditional way to create the sense of cloudy is by using the captured sky images as background. This main output of this project is a cloud modelling editor for designing cloud shapes namely RekAwan. The editor provides integrated environment for modelling volumetric clouds with particle system and surfaced based cloud using texture. This invention uses the newly developed randomized algorithm to fill the cloud volume with particle systems. Randomized method provides an efficient mean in modelling cloud particles data very quickly and filling the cloud volume space with particles randomly. The invention gives on-the-fly control over size of particles and number of particles and radius of particles in the system. This shows its suitability for real time virtual reality applications such as flight simulator and 3D games. The user can pass through the cloud with realistic visual effect. The completed 3D cloud model output from RekAwan can be easily imported into any OpenGL based virtual environment such as simulator, animation and games. RekAwan can also become plug-ins to current commercial 3D modeller software such as AutoCAD, 3D Studio Max, Maya and Rhino3D. The potential industries that highly use RekAwan are weather visualization, film, advertisement, games and flight simulator. This invention will cut the development cost of the industry such as simulator and entertainment. This product can be used effectively by 3D artists, designers and game developer to model cloud shapes easily through interactive user interface. It is simple to use, efficient and gives extensive control over the cloud shapes. RekAwan can also be used to model any other gaseous object such as smoke, haze and fog